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Articles By ZENIT Staff

What Is the Difference Between the Holy See, Vatican City, and the Roman Curia? Cardinal Ghirlanda Explains

Cardinal Gianfranco Ghirlanda, Jesuit, Canonist, and Professor Emeritus of the Pontifical Gregorian University, former Rector of the Athenaeum, and Consultant to numerous Vatican Dicasteries, offers a detailed and in-depth reflection on the meaning of three closely related yet distinct terms in their scope and legal and even diplomatic definition.

Ireland: adult baptisms on the rise, a hopeful sign of a renewing church

Two decades ago, Dublin was a city of 1.1 million, with 90 percent identifying as Catholic. Today, its population has swelled to 1.6 million, but only 66 percent still claim the Catholic label. The intervening years were marked by public disillusionment, catalyzed by clerical abuse reports, government-backed social reforms such as abortion and same-sex marriage legalization, and a broader cultural shift away from institutional religion.